Normally, the child's appearance is similar to that of the parents. Because the child's body contains the genes of the parents. Genes determine the shape and characteristics of every organism on Earth. Have you ever thought, the food that we eat gradually becomes a part of our body? This digestive process is led by various proteins and genes direct the production of these proteins.
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| DNA, Amino Acid |
The human body is composed of numerous cells. Each cell has a nucleus. which is called the nucleus. When examined with the help of a microscope, it can be seen that there are some twisted objects inside. These are called chromosomes. There are a total of 46 or 23 pairs of chromosomes in our human body. With the help of a powerful microscope, there is something twisted inside the chromosome. Which is called DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid).
Scientists have been able to cut and splice this DNA back together. That is, by converting multiple DNA from one DNA, and rejoining it is called recombinant DNA. The result is Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO). Genetic engineering is basically about putting DNA back together. By definition, genetic engineering is the process of arranging the genome of an organism according to the need or combining the genomes of several organisms to create new organisms with new characteristics.
Uses of genetic engineering.
Genetic engineering is playing a very important role in the food production of the world's populous countries. Genetic engineering technology is being used to produce a variety of agricultural products including hybrid varieties of rice. Moreover, new animals are being invented by changing the characteristics of the genome of different animals. As a result, it is becoming possible to fulfil the demand for meat and milk for the people of the world.
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jute Research Institute and Sugarcane Research Institute have developed many high-yielding varieties in Bangladesh through genetic engineering. Recently, the success achieved by Bangladesh in the whole world is the discovery of the genome sequence of jute. This great work has been done by Bangladeshi scientist Mohammad Maksudul Rahman and his team. Due to this, jute has been recognized as the golden fibre in the world.
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Genetic engineering is growing at a rapid rate all over the world in the production of crops like corn, tomato, cotton, rice, carrot and papaya. In animals, genetic engineering is being used to increase milk demand, meat demand and wool growth in sheep. Secretion of Human Growth Hormone and Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factors from Strategically Modified E.coil Bacteria and Yeast. By doing this, there is a great improvement in the cases of rickets, viral infections, cancer etc. It is possible to increase the size of fish up to 60 per cent by transferring the gene of the fish hormone.